A transfer panel, also known as a transfer switch, is an electrical device that is used to transfer the load between the generator and the utility power. It is a critical component of a generator system, as it ensures that the generator is only supplying power when the utility power is not available.
- Automatic transfer switch (ATS): An automatic transfer switch (ATS) is a type of transfer panel that automatically transfers the load between the generator and the utility power. This is done by sensing when the utility power is not available and automatically starting the generator to supply power to the load. When the utility power is restored, the ATS automatically transfers the load back to the utility power and stops the generator.
- Manual transfer switch (MTS): A manual transfer switch (MTS) is another type of transfer panel that requires the operator to manually transfer the load between the generator and the utility power. This is done by manually switching the load from the utility power to the generator and vice versa.
- Two-wire and three-wire transfer switch: There are two types of transfer switch, two-wire and three-wire transfer switch. The two-wire transfer switch only has two wires connecting the generator to the load, while the three-wire transfer switch has three wires. The three-wire transfer switch provides more functionality than two-wire transfer switch.
- Synchronizing: Synchronizing is the process of matching the frequency and voltage of the generator with the utility power before connecting them. This is important to avoid damage to the generator and the equipment connected to it. Transfer panel has synchronizing feature which allows operator to synchronize the generator with utility power before connecting them.
- Safety features: Transfer panel also includes safety features such as over-current, over-voltage, under-voltage, over-frequency and under-frequency protection, and over-temperature protection.
- Remote control: Some transfer panel comes with remote control feature which allows the operator to monitor and control the transfer panel remotely. This feature is useful for monitoring and controlling the transfer panel from a remote location.
In conclusion, a transfer panel, also known as a transfer switch, is an electrical device that is used to transfer the load between the generator and the utility power. There are two types of transfer panel, automatic transfer switch (ATS) and manual transfer switch (MTS) and two types of transfer switch, two-wire and three-wire transfer switch. Transfer panel also includes safety features such as over-current, over-voltage, under-voltage, over-frequency and under-frequency protection, and over-temperature protection and some transfer panels have remote control feature. By ensuring that the transfer panel is working properly and is properly maintained, organizations can ensure that their generator is operating safely and efficiently.